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About 5 million Americans are stung
every year!
Fire Ant Stings -
At least 5 million Americans are stung every year! The CPCO ADVANTAGE
- January 1999 noted: A survey conducted in just South Carolina revealed
that in the single year 1990, physicians reported treating 5000 cases
of imported fire ant stings on humans.This
represented a 14-fold morbidity.
In all, there were
27 hospitalizations, one death and 170 cases requiring imported fire ant
desensitization by an allergy specialist. An updated imported fire ant
sting survey is about to get underway. - Agromedicine Program Update;
September 16, 1998
The fire ants are small (less than a quarter of
an inch long), reddish-brown to black and live in mounds with long, radiating
underground tunnels. Children can mistake
the fire ant mounds for sand piles and be attacked. Older people
may also be attacked.
The fire ants attack is a two-part process
consisting of a bite and a sting. When one ant stings, they all sting
and inject a venom that causes the release of histamine, a chemical in
our bodies that can produce pain, itching, swelling and redness of the
skin. Within seconds after the stings, discomfort occurs at each site
and a small red welt appears. Each welt can enlarge rapidly, depending
on the amount of venom that was injected and the victims sensitivity
to the venom. The reaction persists for up to an hour, and then a small,
clear blister will form. Over the next half day or so, the fluid in the
blister may turn cloudy, and the area will begin to itch. Most people
experience only a small amount of redness around the sting site. A small
percentage of people are sensitive to the venom and experience more extensive
redness and swelling. A few victims have extensive allergic reactions
such as breathing difficulties or widespread swelling of body parts or
worse.
The fire ants venom is an oily alkaloid mixed
with a little protein, and your one chance to lessen the effect of the
bite is to quickly break down the protein. Try dabbing the bite with diluted
bleach or Kleen Em Away Naturally® or Safe Solutions, Inc. Enzyme
Cleaners, or covering it with a paste of meat tenderizer and water. This
method is not effective if more than 15 minutes have passed. Another option
is to treat stings with an insect bite remedy containing benzocaine or
other ingredients that deaden pain and protect against infection.
In infested areas, fire ant stings occur more frequently
than bee, wasp, hornet, and yellowjacket stings. Stepping on a fire ant
mound is almost unavoidable, especially when walking in heavily infested
areas. Furthermore, many mounds are not easily seen, with many lateral
tunnels extending several feet away from the mound just beneath the soil
surface. Ants defend these tunnels as part of their mound. More
than 25,000 people each year seek medical attention for painful fire ant
bites. The sting itself is usually not life-threatening, but secondary
infections can result. To prevent infections do not scratch pustules and
treat the sting with an insect bite remedy. Persons who are hypersensitive
to the fire ant venom may experience symptoms such as nausea and dizziness
or even shock or death. Individuals exhibiting such reactions to fire
ant stings should see a physician immediately. About 1 dozen Americans
die of their wounds each year!
A person who stops to stand on a mound or one of
its tunnels, or who leans against a fence post included in the defended
area, can have hundreds of ants rush out to attack. Typically, the ants
can be swarming on a person for 10 or more seconds before they grab the
skin with their mandibles, double over their abdomens, and inject their
stingers. That is why some people die! This does not happen in their native
land where the fire ants fear phorid fly species who only live to torture
and kill fire ants. Phorid flies are being currently evaluated in Gainesville,
Florida.
Although a single fire ant sting normally hurts
less than a bee or wasp sting, the effect of multiple stings is impressive.
Multiple stings are common, not only because hundreds of ants may have
attacked, but because individual ants can administer several stings. Each
sting usually results in the formation of a white pustule within 6 to
24 hours. The majority of stings are uncomplicated, but secondary infections
may occur if the pustule is broken, and scars may last for several months.
Severe infections requiring skin grafting or amputation have been known
to occur from fire ant stings. DMSO has been used to stop pustules and
itching.
Some people experience a generalized allergic reaction
to a fire ant sting. The reaction can include sweating, slurred speech,
chest pain, shortness of breath, hives, swelling, nausea, vomiting, and/or
shock. People exhibiting these symptoms after being stung by fire ants
should get medical attention immediately. Death can occur in hypersensitive
or older or very young people. Individuals who are allergic to fire ant
toxins may require desensitization therapy. The March 2002 issue of Pest
Control Magazine noted that in 1998 an estimated 660,000 people were stung
in South Carolina alone and approximately 33,000 sought medical treatment
costing an estimated $2.4 million. First Aid: Try applying a mix of 4
oz. per quart of Kleen Em Away Naturally® or 1 oz. of Safe Solutions,
Inc. enzyme cleaners per quart of water or a 1 to 1 mix of bleach and
water to the stung area. Try to avoid stings by lightly dusting your shoes,
socks, feet and legs with talcum powder.
Fear of Fire Ants
An important indirect effect of the presence of
fire ants is just the fear of being stung. Fear and anxiety about fire
ants may limit the use of sites where fire ants are present. In some parks,
playgrounds, athletic fields, and campsites are not used simply because
of fear of the fire ants in the area.
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